Live aurora forecast

Northern lights in Nelson tonight

Nelson, Top of the South Island, New Zealand · 50° magnetic latitude · Kp 6 threshold

Aurora visibility · Nelson
1/9
Unlikely tonight

Kp 1 is well below the Kp 6 threshold needed for aurora to be visible from Nelson.

QuietStormExtreme
Threshold
Kp 6
Magnetic latitude
~50°S
Bz ↓ south
- nT
Solar wind
- km/s
Density
- p/cm³
Cloud
-
Conditions right now: - Kp + Bz + solar wind + cloud + moon

Updated: 20 Jul, 12:58 UTC

7-day outlook for Nelson

Today
20 Jul
1
Quiet
Tomorrow
21 Jul
3
Quiet
Wed
22 Jul
3
Quiet
Thu
23 Jul
3
Quiet
Fri
24 Jul
3
Quiet
Sat
25 Jul
3
Quiet
Sun
26 Jul
3
Quiet

Based on CME arrival predictions from NASA DONKI. Arrival times ±6 hours.

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What Kp is needed here?

Nelson sits at a magnetic latitude of approximately 50°S. The Kp index - a global measure of geomagnetic activity on a scale from 0 (quiet) to 9 (extreme storm), updated every 3 hours - needs to reach Kp 6 before the auroral oval expands far enough north to be visible from here.

At Kp 6, visibility is possible from Nelson but skies need to be clear and dark. Cloud cover and light pollution remain the main obstacles even when Kp is high enough.

Plan your viewing

Best dark sky sites near Nelson

Light pollution is the biggest obstacle after cloud cover. These sites give you the best dark southern horizon within reach.

Nelson Lakes National Park, Lake Rotoiti

Get directions ↗
Bortle Class 2 - Excellent dark sky 90 km southwest of Nelson - approximately 75 minute drive

Lake Rotoiti in Nelson Lakes National Park sits at 614 m above sea level in a glacial valley in the Northern St Arnaud Range. The lake is inside a national park and has no street lighting - Bortle Class 2 conditions. The southern end of the lake faces south-southwest toward the St Arnaud township, which is small. The national park designation means strict lighting controls and minimal sky glow. At Kp 6, aurora australis may appear on the southern horizon from the lakeshore. The lake reflection gives foreground options on calm nights. St Arnaud village at the north end has basic accommodation. Drive south from Nelson via SH6 and SH63.

Murchison, Buller River valley

Get directions ↗
Bortle Class 2-3 - Excellent dark sky 110 km southwest of Nelson - approximately 90 minute drive

A small rural town at the confluence of the Buller, Maruia, and Matakitaki rivers in the Southern Alps foothills. The surrounding river valley farmland is dark in all directions. Bortle Class 2-3 conditions. Drive south of Murchison on SH6 toward the Buller Gorge for positions with a south-facing valley view. The gorge walls restrict some of the horizon at valley level, but the flat river terraces above the gorge give wider southern views. At Kp 6, aurora australis may appear above the southern mountain skyline. Murchison has a petrol station, accommodation, and basic services.

Tasman Bay coast, Mapua

Get directions ↗
Bortle Class 3-4 - Rural sky 30 km west of Nelson - approximately 30 minute drive

The Tasman Bay coast at Mapua and Ruby Bay faces north and northwest, which is the wrong direction for aurora australis in the southern hemisphere. However, the flat bay gives an open sky in all directions, and at Kp 6-7 aurora australis may appear in the southern part of the sky overhead or to the south toward the Richmond Hills. This is a moderate-quality position for strong storm events. For the best aurora position from Nelson, drive to Nelson Lakes (90 km) or Murchison (110 km) rather than the Tasman Bay coast. The coast is more useful for clear night stargazing and for events where Kp rises above 7.

When to go

Best time to see the aurora australis in Nelson

At 50°S magnetic latitude, Nelson sits at the outer edge of regular aurora australis territory. Only the southern winter months, May through July, occasionally bring storms powerful enough to push the oval this far north. Outside this window, there is insufficient darkness for aurora to be visible.

Activity peaks around the March and September equinoxes, when Earth's magnetic field geometry is most favourable for coupling with the solar wind. These windows produce the strongest aurora australis events of the year for observers at this latitude.

Outside May through July, twilight prevents aurora visibility even during significant geomagnetic storms. The season is short, but equinox months on either side of winter can extend it when timing is favourable.

Up to 8 locations

Nelson

New Zealand

Unlikely
Kp 1 need Kp 6
Checking darkness…
Westport

New Zealand

Unlikely
Kp 1 need Kp 5-6
Checking darkness…
Kaikōura

New Zealand

Unlikely
Kp 1 need Kp 5
Checking darkness…
The odds

How often does the aurora appear in Nelson?

Average nights per month the Kp reached Nelson's threshold of 6+, from 15 years of geomagnetic data (2010–2024).

0.4Jan
0.4Feb
0.5Mar
0.4Apr
0.4May
0.3Jun
0.4Jul
0.4Aug
0.5Sep
0.4Oct
0.4Nov
0.3Dec

Counts the Kp 6+ threshold only - cloud cover and local darkness are not included.
Kp data: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, CC BY 4.0

Make it happen

Plan your trip to Nelson

Based on 15 years of geomagnetic data (2010–2024)

1st
March
0.5
avg aurora nights
Requires an extended stay
2nd
September
0.5
avg aurora nights
Requires an extended stay
3rd
January
0.4
avg aurora nights
Requires an extended stay

Best window

The January to March window averages 1 aurora nights - the strongest consecutive stretch of the year.

How long to stay

Aurora at this latitude requires patience - allow as many nights as possible during March.

Aurora activity peaks at the March and September equinoxes in both hemispheres. This is driven by the angle of Earth's magnetic field relative to the solar wind, not by local seasons. Winter months at this latitude offer longer dark nights for observing, but March and September average the highest number of aurora nights in the historical data.

From the community

Aurora photographs from Nelson

Real photos sourced from Wikimedia Commons.

Aurora over NelsonAurora over Nelson
Aurora over NelsonAurora over Nelson
Aurora over NelsonAurora over Nelson
Aurora over NelsonAurora over Nelson
Aurora over NelsonAurora over Nelson
Aurora over NelsonAurora over Nelson
Questions

Common questions about aurora in Nelson

Can you see aurora australis from Nelson?
Yes, but only during significant geomagnetic storms. Nelson sits at 50°S magnetic latitude at the northern end of the South Island and needs Kp 6 for aurora australis - a G2 storm. During the G5 storm of May 2024, aurora australis was visible from Nelson and even further north. Nelson Lakes National Park (90 km southwest) and Murchison (110 km southwest) give Bortle Class 2 dark sky that improves visibility at the same Kp. From Nelson city itself, Kp 7 is required due to urban light pollution.
What Kp is needed for aurora at Nelson?
Kp 6 from Nelson Lakes National Park and Murchison. From Nelson city, Kp 7 is a practical minimum due to light pollution. At 50°S magnetic latitude, Nelson has a higher threshold than most South Island locations further south. Kp 6 events occur several times per year during solar maximum and require G2 geomagnetic storm conditions. Monitor NOAA Space Weather alerts for G2+ storm watches - these are the minimum conditions for aurora from the Nelson region.
Where are the best dark sky sites near Nelson?
Nelson Lakes National Park at Lake Rotoiti (90 km southwest) gives Bortle Class 2 from inside the national park. Murchison (110 km southwest) gives Bortle Class 2-3 in the Buller River valley. Both require a 75-90 minute drive from Nelson. For events Kp 7+, the Richmond Hills south of Nelson give a dark elevated position within 20-30 km. Closer dark sky is limited by the semi-rural surroundings of Nelson - most positions within 30 km are affected by the city glow.
Is Nelson worth visiting for aurora australis?
As a combined destination, yes. Nelson is New Zealand's sunniest city and has the highest average sunshine hours of any NZ city - an advantage for stargazing. The quality of dark sky at Nelson Lakes and Murchison is high. The trade-off is the Kp 6 threshold, which means storm conditions rather than moderate activity are required. For dedicated aurora trips from Nelson, drive to Nelson Lakes or Murchison during G2+ storm watches. Queenstown or Invercargill are better primary bases for aurora frequency.
When is the best time for aurora at Nelson?
May to August for the longest dark nights. Nelson at 41.3°S geographic gets around 13 hours of darkness in mid-winter. Nelson's sunshine advantage means it often has clear nights when other South Island regions are clouded. The September equinox is statistically the most active geomagnetic period. Monitor NOAA G-scale storm watches and drive to Nelson Lakes when a G2+ event is forecast. Clear nights in Nelson are relatively common - the limiting factor is geomagnetic activity, not cloud cover.
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